Microsoft SQL Fundamentals

Introduction to SQL Server

• Concepts of Data, Database and Database Management Systems.
• Relational Database Systems and Table Structure.
• What is SQL? Where is it used? What is SQL Server?
• Getting to Know SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
• Query Execution Methods.

Introduction to T-SQL Language

• What Can We Do With SQL?
• Quick Impression. (Select, Where,Like,Sum,Min…)
• Basic T-SQL Elements.
• Classification of T-SQL Commands.
• Select Statement (Building Blocks and Working Logic of the Select Statement)
• List All Tables and Columns.

Querying Data with a SELECT Statement

• Writing a Basic Select Statement.
• Fetching Singular Data with DISTINCT.
• SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT) Expression.
• Nickname Columns and Tables.

Operators and Filtering

• Arithmetic Operators.
• Where Structure and Base Comparison Operators.
• Where Structure and Logical Operators.
• Use of AND&OR together.
• Where Structure and Other Operators. ( In, Like, Between, Is Null…)
• Like Operator and Wildcards.

Sequencing

• Sorting with Order By.
• Offset-Fetch Structures.
• Doing pagination.
• BALL Emoticon.

Grouping and Working on Group Data

• Working with Aggregate Functions.
• Predefined functions (Sum, Max, Avg, etc.).
• Use of DISTINCT in Aggregate Functions.
• Group By Statement and Working Structure.
• Use of Group By and Having Statements.
• Having and Where Comparison.
• Grouping Set.
• Cube, Rollup.
• Query Writing Order and SQL Query Processing Order.

Querying from More Than One Table

• Understanding the database structure.
• The concept of normalization.
• Database Diagram.
• PK and FK Concepts.
• Types of relationships.
• Join Concept and join variants (Inner, Left, Rigt, Full, Cross…)

SET Operators and the Concept of APPLY

• UNION and UNION ALL.
• Use of EXCEPT and INTERSECT.
• APPLY Statements (Cross and Outer).
• Use of PIVOT, UNPIVOT.

Working with Sub Queries

• Working with subqueries.
• Scaler subqueries.
• Multivalued subqueries.
• The concept of a derived table.
• Working with correlated subqueries.
• Use of EXIST, ANY-SOME, and ALL in Subqueries.

Predefined Functions (Writing Queries Using Functions)

• Scaler Functions (Mathematical, Text, Date and Time Functions)
• Aggregate Functions.
• Working with NULL Values and NULL Value Functions.